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(anglais traduction automatique a écrit :  63 YEARS SINCE THE SACRIFICE OF PANTELIS POLIOPULOS


On June 6 1943 to Nezerò on the neighbourhoods of Làrisa (Tessaglia), together with other 105 hostages, it was falling under the lead of a platoon of execution of the Italian occupants, the communist manager and internazionalista Pantèlis Puliòpulos.

Been born to Tebe in 1900, it approached the Marxism during the university studies that coincided with the disastrous military country of the Greek army in the Smaller Asia. Called to arms, for his opposition to the war, it underwent the prison for disfattismo. Polyglot (he was knowing 10 languages), has been the translator in Greek language of the Capital of K. Marx. Manager of the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) in 1924 he was delegated to the 5th Congress of the International Communist. In 1925 he was elected a secretary of the KKE. Under the dictatorship of Pàngalos (June 1925) the KKE was forced to the secrecy and Puliòpulos imprisoned together with many other militants. Freed in the summer in 1926, after the fall of the dictatorship, Puliòpulos will be in complete disagreement with the national-bureaucratic move of the International Communist and will approach the trotskist opposition. For this reason it will be expelled in the September 1927 from a KKE now dominated by managers who had been educated by Moscow under the shade of the stalinism. At the moment of his expulsion, Puliòpulos was fighting as manager in the opposition trotskista Greek. With the coming, on August 4 1936, of the dictatorship of Metaxàs, Puliòpulos was forced to the secrecy. Arrested in 1938 and confined to the island of Egina, taken in delivery of the Italians in 1942 prisoner was in the camp of concentration of Larisa.

The night between the 1st one and on June 2 1943, an attempt of the Resistance to a train causes the death of 92 Italian soldiers and 160 hostages who forcedly were forced to travel on the first wagons before the locomotive. The retaliation does not make be waited; 106 hostages are drawn by the Italian soldiers with the field of concentration of Làrisa, a field where they were shot, up to September 8 1943, over thousand hostages (Crimes and memories of war. To care of Luca Baldissarra and Paolo Pezzino. Ediz. The anchor of the Mediterranean Sea). The hostages, between whose Puliòpulos, were led to the shooting. Before the platoon of execution Puliòpulos harangued Italian soldiers, denouncing the imperialistic nature of the war and extolling the internationalist solidarity like only road of exit. Soldiers remained deeply shaken by those words and refused to shoot. They were the officers who carry the order out, drowning in the blood, with other 105 prisoners, the voice of a revolutionary internationalist.

M.F.

(anglais traduction automatique a écrit :Pantelìs Puliòpulos: 'Revolution Democratic Socialist or Greece? "

In January 1933 the Nazis seized power in Germany and within a very short time, the German proletariat and its organizations were crushed by the iron heel of a spietatissimo regime. The biggest of the Social Democratic Party, which had hundreds of thousands of subscribers and organised by trade unions million workers, was put silenced and it was dissolved within a few weeks, while tens and tens of thousands of its militants along with those of the German Communist Party, which had suffered shortly before the same fate, took over as first "guests" of newborns hitlerian camp.

The German disaster is the latest in a series of defeats of the proletariat international provoked by Stalinism.  The tactic Stalinist of socialfascism, an aventurist policy  announcing the imminent fall of capitalism and argued that, to this end, the proletariat would be enough to "walk over the corpse of the Social Democrats' last protection of a dying capitalism ' was among the main causes of this defeat. Without a Single Front party workers against the Nazi offensive, Hitler's party was to break open a door practically.

The "correction" of  this tactic by the Stalinists was marerialised in its policy of "Popular fronts". The comintern began to mature this policy by the general strike called by the anti-fascist French CGT February 12, 1934, in which workers PCF sfilarono through the streets of Paris together with workers' socialfascisti "of SFIO.  To curb the reborn German militarism, which rebirth policy Stalinist objectively had made a contribution, the comintern not found better than to enter communist parties in bourgeois "anti-fascist" coalitions.  The new tactic proved worse than the previous communist parties became the shore of bourgeois governments, repressero, as happened in 1937 in Spain, any attempt of the proletariat revolutionary, and not totally stopped the reborn German militarism with which, in 1939, Stalin found an agreement.

The Communist Party of Greece (KKE) adopted the new policy as early as January 1934, anticipating the french  "breakthrough" of next month.

In this way, the KKE also formally abdicated its positions class beginning to argue that in Greece the struggle for socialism had to move from the completion of the bourgeois-democratic revolution and an indefinite intermediate stage, before reaching a hypothetical 'stage Socialist' that should have taken into account the particularities Greek.  The Socialism should have had a national character 'greek'.

The opposition trotskist Greek including where it would go immediately to obtaining the turning of the KKE and charged its majority leader, Pantelìs Puliòpulos to respond to step over step "historical decisions of 6 ˚ Plenum of the KKE.

The criticism of the "new line" of the Stalinist Greek Puliòpulos expressed in the book "democratic or Socialist Revolution in Greece?" Text in "The International" took care of today the translation and printing.

The text of Puliòpulos, a text for the reader Italian may not be easy reading, for his literary style and for the continued references to the specific circumstances of the Greek policy, described in advance the political consequences of the turning of the KKE 1934, which were not very different from those caused by similar conducted other Communist parties.  These ruinous changes in direction have seen everywhere the proletariat subject to its middle class, seeking improbable "national roads to socialism", in the defense more or less open the "home of socialism," until in 1991, the USSR " closed - malinconicamente - shop "for the failure of bureaucratic caste that directed.  These consequences Puliòpulos was unable to attend because fell along with 105 hostages under the lead of a platoon of execution Italian June 6, 1943.

The text of Puliòpulos helps us understand not only the economic and social situation in Greece, debate and the political struggles in the labor movement greek and European nature of the Stalinist counterrevolution and its crimes in the thirties, but also the political developments and Social subsequent year.  For this is a lesson that, after so many years, has not ceased to be current, and still has much to teach us.

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