En fait, ce qu'il faut, c'est une société où chacun puisse vivre sa vie pleinement, sans être limité dans ses possibilités à cause d'incompréhensions réciproques. Je croyais savoir écouter les autres, mais je ne le savais pas. Je rejetais les différences. J'étais incapable d'empathie, de compréhension de l'autre. Je rejetais Lénine comme quelqu'un d'étranger... à tort. Je prenais des choses comme étant vraies, alors que ce n'étaient que des illusions forgées par cette société du spectacle (voir le livre de Guy Debord à ce sujet). Cela m'a amené à perdre toute confiance envers les autres, et donc à n'avoir qu'une approche négativiste, bien qu'à l'opposé de ce qu'il y a au fond de même, c'est-à-dire quelqu'un de vitaliste, qui aime la Vie. J'aime la Vie, mais avec la société d'inégalités qui régnait, j'en étais complètement malade, et je me rejetais. Cela explique pourquoi un trop grand nombre de nos camarades se suicident : ils devaient se rejeter comme moi je l'ai fait. Maintenant, j'ai compris, et j'espère que d'autres comprendront. C'est pour cela que je l'écris.
J'ai trouvé une merveilleux article de Lénine qui peut nous éclairer, je le pense humblement :
a écrit :Vladimir Lenin
How to Organise Competition?
Written: December 24-27, 1917
Source: Collected Works, Volume 26, p. 404-15
Publisher: Progress Publishers
First Published: Pravda No. 17, January 20, 1929.
Translated: Yuri Sdobnikov and George Hanna
Online Version: marx.org 1997; marxists.org 1999
Transcribed: Robert Cymbala
HTML Markup: Brian Basgen and David Walters
Bourgeois authors have been using up reams of paper praising competition, private enterprise, and all the other magnificent virtues and blessings of the capitalists and the capitalist system. Socialists have been accused of refusing to understand the importance of these virtues, and of ignoring "human nature". As a matter of fact, however, capitalism long ago replaced small, independent commodity production, under which competition could develop enterprise, energy and bold initiative to any considerable extent, by large- and very large-scale factory production, joint-stock companies, syndicates and other monopolies. Under such capitalism, competition means the incredibly brutal suppression of the enterprise, energy and bold initiative of the mass of the population, of its overwhelming majority, of ninety-nine out of every hundred toilers; it also means that competition is replaced by financial fraud, nepotism, servility on the upper rungs of the social ladder.
Far from extinguishing competition, socialism, on the contrary, for the first time creates the opportunity for employing it on a really wide and on a really mass scale, for actually drawing the majority of working people into a field of labour in which they can display their abilities, develop the capacities, and reveal those talents, so abundant among the people whom capitalism crushed, suppressed and strangled in thousands and millions.
Now that a socialist government is in power our task is to organise competition.
[...]
Competition must be arranged between practical organisers from among the workers and peasants. Every attempt to establish stereotyped forms and to impose uniformity from above, as intellectuals are so inclined to do, must be combated. Stereotyped forms and uniformity imposed from above have nothing in common with democratic and socialist centralism. The unity of essentials, of fundamentals, of the substance, is not disturbed but ensured by variety in details, in specific local features, in methods of approach, in methods of exercising control, in ways of exterminating and rendering harmless the parasites (the rich and the rogues, slovenly and hysterical intellectuals, etc., etc.).
The Paris Commune gave a great example of how to combine initiative, independence, freedom of action and vigour from below with voluntary centralism free from stereotyped forms. Our Soviets are following the same road. But they are still "timid"; they have not yet got into their stride, have not yet "bitten into" their new, great, creative task of building the socialist system. The Soviets must set to work more boldly and display greater initiative. All "communes"—factories, villages, consumers’ societies, and committees of supplies—must compete with each other as practical organisers of accounting and control of labour and distribution of products. The programme of this accounting and control is simple, clear and intelligible to all—everyone to have bread; everyone to have sound footwear and good clothing; everyone to have warm dwellings; everyone to work conscientiously; not a single rogue (including those who shirk their work) to be allowed to be at liberty, but kept in prison, or serve his sentence of compulsory labour of the hardest kind; not a single rich man who violates the laws and regulations of socialism to be allowed to escape the fate of the rogue, which should, in justice, be the fate of the rich man. "He who does not work, neither shall he eat"—this is the practical commandment of socialism. This is how things should be organised practically. These are the practical successes our "communes" and our worker and peasant organisers should be proud of. And this applies particularly to the organisers among the intellectuals (particularly, because they are too much, far too much in the habit of being proud of their general instructions and resolutions).
[...]
In what commune, in what district of a large town, in what factory and in what village are there no starving people, no unemployed, no idle rich, no despicable lackeys of the bourgeoisie, saboteurs who call themselves intellectuals? Where has most been done to raise the productivity of labour, to build good new houses for the poor, to put the poor in the houses of the rich, to regularly provide a bottle of milk for every child of every poor family? It is on these points that competition should develop between the communes, communities, producer-consumers’ societies and associations, and Soviets of Workers’, Soldiers’ and Peasants’ Deputies. This is the work in which talented organisers should come to the fore in practice and be promoted to work in state administration. There is a great deal of talent among the people. It is merely suppressed. It must be given an opportunity to display itself. It and it alone, with the support of the people, can save Russia and save the cause of socialism.
Voilà où j'en suis maintenant. C'est un projet certes vague, mais nous pourrons y arriver si nous nous faisons confiance de manière réciproque, si nous mettons fin à cet état de guerre économique de chacun contre chacun (et qui était la même que l'état de guerre à l'Etat de Nature défini par Hobbes, où l'Homme était un Loup pour l'Homme et se dévorait lui-même). Je pense humblement qu'il faut nous jouions tous francs-jeu, car même ceux qui nous dirigent ont été rendus malades comme moi je l'ai été. Ils se sont rendus comptes qu'adorer le profit à court-terme faisait que leur vie n'avait plus de sens, et qu'ils brisaient celles des autres. Ils ont enfin compris, du moins je l'espère de tout mon coeur et de tout mon Pardon, qu'ils ont enfin compris - disais-je - que nos vies valent plus que le profit, que nos vies valent plus que l'argent, que l'argent était un frein à notre existence.
De même que Lénine ne comprenait pas Pannekoek, je ne comprenais pas les autres. Pannekoek, dans
Lénine, philosophe tape sur Lénine sans comprendre sa pensée, et inversement Lénine y répondait par la Haine. La Haine régnait entre Pannekoek et Lénine, alors qu'ils auraient pu faire beaucoup ensemble. Pannekoek avait une approche empirio-criticiste, tandis que Lénine croyait énormément à l'expérience. C'est cette dualité là qu'il s'agit de dépasser, je le pense humblement, di fond de mon âme d'enfant qui est en train de renaître.