Il contient un certain nombre de chiffres qui sont tirés d'une étude de l'ONU qu'on peut trouver ici:
http://www.unscn.org/files/Publications/Br...l_Crisis_4p.pdf
Pour ceux qui ne lisent pas l'anglais, quelques exemples:
-Entre 1990 et 2007, le nombre de personnes souffrant de malnutrition a augmenté de 80 millions, puis à nouveau de 40 millions pendant l'année 2008 seulement, pour atteindre 963 millions de personnes.
-La banque mondiale estime qu'il y aura entre 200 000 et 400 000 enfants supplémentaires qui mourront de faim chaque année, d'ici 2015.
-Il y a environ 50 millions, soit 40%, de femmes enceintes anémiques dans les pays sous-développés, et ce chiffre va augmenter de 1,2 million en Asie et de 700 000 en Afrique.
-Ce sont les femmes qui sont les plus touchées par les conséquences de la crise parce que dans les foyers, ce sont les premières à devoir faire des sacrifices quand la situation financière se détériore.
a écrit :
The poor and the global crisis
The trail of disaster
Jun 18th 2009
From The Economist print edition
The downturn is claiming victims that never appear on a balance sheet
NINE months after the collapse of Lehman Brothers, the world’s economic crisis is still usually discussed as though it consisted of dire bank balance-sheets, falling exports and bankruptcies or job losses in the West. But at the other end of the trail that starts with financial woes in rich countries are underweight children and anaemic expectant mothers in poor ones. New research by the United Nations’ standing committee on nutrition (available on http://www.unscn.org) gives a first estimate of how the crisis has hurt the group of people most affected by the crash: the very poorest.
In 1990-2007, the number of hungry people rose by about 80m, though this was, by and large, a period of rising incomes in developing countries (and a huge increase in population). In 2008 alone, the number rose a further 40m, to 963m—half as much in one year as during the previous 17. In other words, lots more children and pregnant women are not getting the food they need. The report reckons that the number of underweight children will rise from 121m to 125m by 2010, assuming no change in the size of the world economy (in fact, it is expected to shrink 2% this year). The World Bank has already estimated that until 2015 the crisis will lead to between 200,000 and 400,000 more children dying every year.
The poorest face two crises: the world recession and the resumption of food-price rises. Food prices had been falling but even then, the global price fall did not translate into a comparable decline on local markets in most poor countries, so the poor did not benefit much. World prices bottomed out in December 2008 and have since risen 26%. In the poorest countries, a rise of 50% in the price of staples pushes up the family food budget from 50% to 60% of household income.
Initially, people skimp on non-staple foods, cutting the quality and diversity of their intake; in the next stage, the quantity and safety of diets suffer. That in turn damages their health. Currently, around 50m, or 40%, of pregnant women in developing countries are anaemic. Anaemia in expectant mothers, which causes low birth weight and unhealthier babies, is likely to rise by a further 1.2m in Asia and 700,000 in Africa.
To make matters worse, this is happening at a time when the global slump is causing job losses or wage squeezes everywhere—worldwide unemployment rose to 6% in 2008—so in some poor countries, it now takes an extra ten hours a week or more to feed a family of five.
The resulting burden falls heavily on women. As the report says starkly: “Women are usually the last to benefit from increasing income [but] they are usually the first to make sacrifices when the financial situation deteriorates.”